The verdict: eat early.
A new study suggests eating before 7pm, especially if you have high blood pressure. It’s certainly best to avoid having dinner within two hours of your bedtime as your blood pressure won’t drop to a healthy level overnight, increasing the risk of a heart attack.
Here’s how to kill off unhealthy cravings whenever they hit…
Problem – missed breakfast.
When you leave it too long before eating in the morning, your body and brain will be desperate for fuel and you’re likely to grab something unhealthy.
Solution – have a milky drink.
Hold off on the pastry and drink a glass of milk or a skinny latte (around 100 calories) instead. The milk content will take the edge off your hunger, so you can then make a healthier choice based on your head, not just your stomach.
9:00am – Coffee
Why do you crave a kick-start cup of coffee in the morning? It’s because the caffeine releases adrenaline – the hormone that makes you feel more alert – into your bloodstream. It also boosts blood circulation to your brain, helping improve concentration. Just make sure you eat breakfast first, as drinking it on an empty stomach may overload your central nervous system, making you jittery.
11:00am – Celery
As stress levels and blood pressures rise at work, munch on celery. It contains potassium, known to help lower sodium levels (a sign of high blood pressure and stress). Plus, at six calories per stick, they won’t ruin your appetite.
1:00pm – Mackerel
Need a brain boost in the afternoon? Tuck into a mackerel salad at lunch, packed full of cognitive-enhancing omega-3. Plus, this is a great time to chomp down on some nutritious leaves – your metabolic rate is at its highest, so it’s easier to break down raw foods.
2:00pm – Blueberries
These berries provide a super-healthy sweet hit, and with their low-glycaemic index they’re absorbed slowly, so don’t lead to a sudden sugar level spike. And there’s more good news – research suggests that regularly eating blueberries can lead to a rewriting of the part of your brain that affects short- and long-term memory, as well as boosting attention span.
5:00pm – Beetroot
Off to the gym after work? Studies have revealed that beetroot juice helps your muscles work more efficiently and lowers oxygen uptake. It’s also a vasodilator, which means it opens up blood vessels, allowing oxygenated blood to get to your hard-working muscles.
10:00pm – Cherries
If you’re feeling peckish before bed, snack on a handful of cherries. These contain melatonin – a hormone that induces sleep – so you should have a good night’s rest.
The verdict: keep eating.
New research found that when mice had the flu, feeding them up helped them to recover. Your immune system needs fuel to fight viruses, so give it some TLC and eat little and often. Think antioxidant-rich, fruit and veg packed smoothies and soups.
Diet is the first port of call in the fight to stay healthy, and prevention is better than cure. Here are my top tips to keeping your immune system strong throughout the cold season:
With doctors fearing the return of rickets due to low levels of the sunshine vitamin, how can we sun-starved Brits get enough this winter?
How to get more sunshine
Although it’s important to protect yourself in the sun, you need to build up your vitamin D levels with bursts of unprotected sun between April and October to build reserves for the winter. Try getting 10-15 mins of sun exposure to your arms, hands or back, two to three times a week. Longer exposure doesn’t provide additional benefits, so make sure you apply a high SPF afterwards.
Take a supplement
The Department of Health advises those who have low or no exposure to sun, those with darker skin, over 65s and all children aged 6 months to five years to take a vitamin D supplement. In addition, it is recommended that, in winter months, everyone should consider taking a 10 microgram supplement if their diet is unlikely to provide it.
Eat well
Although you might only get a small portion of vitamin D from your diet, it’s still important to eat a mix of foods rich in the stuff, especially during the winter. Top up on oily fish, egg yolk, fortified cereals, red meat and dairy products.
Portion control is key to weight control. But how much is too much? The answer is in the palm of your hand. The best way to judge how much you need of each the food groups is by measuring it in your hand.
Fruit = cupped palms
Small fruit such as berries and grapes can be piled into cupped palms.
Cheese = both thumbs
Protein-rich, but still fairly high in fat, you should only have around 30g of cheese at each serving.
Uncooked pasta & rice = clenched fist
a 75g portion of uncooked pasta provides around 200 calories. Choose wholemeal or brown over white.
Butter = thumb tip
Butter and other spreads (i.e. peanut butter) should be a portion no bigger than a thumb tip. And don’t have more than 2 portions per day.
Vegetables = clenched fist
A clenched fist works out as the 30g you need to eat for one serving. Make sure you go for variety.
White fish = whole hand
White fish, such as haddock and cod, is low fat and lower in calories than meat or oily fish.
Chocolate = index finger
Try to choose darker, high-cocoa content varieties, which contain antioxidants, as an occasional treat.
Meat = palm
Aim to keep a portion of meat to the size of your palm, not including your fingers. Choose lean options, such as steak pr good quality, low-fat beef mince. But don’t eat more than 500g per week.
Oily fish = palm
You should eat around 250g of oily fish, such as mackerel, salmon and tuna, twice a week.
Potato = clenched fist
A baked potato has a round 200 calories and is high in vitamin A. Sweet potato is a healthier option.
Nuts = palm
A great snack option, nuts and seeds are filling and contain important unsaturated fats.
The verdict: Guacamole
The reason: If you’re just looking to curb your calories, then guacamole is your best dip, boasting 64 calories in 4 tbsp (compared to 100 for houmous).
Both are high in nutritional value though, with vitamin C and heart-protecting niacin in guacamole, and folate and zinc in houmous.
Ease heartburn
Turmeric helps your gallbladder produce bile to break food down faster, so it doesn’t hang around in your digestive system long enough to cause uncomfortable heartburn. Dissolve some in hot water after a meal, then drink.
Get the sleep you need
Salmon, like halibut and tuna, is packed with vitamin B6, which is needed to make the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin. Also try: kale, bananas, whole grains, peanuts, soya beans.
Stop stress
Carbs help the brain make serotonin – a chemical responsible for maintaining mood balance. Opt for complex carbs, such as oats, as these won’t add to your stress-induced blood sugar spike like refined carbs do. Also try: blueberries, dark chocolate.
Alleviate anxiety
The high levels of vitamin C in oranges will lower blood pressure, as well as suppressing presence of the stress hormone cortisol in your system. Also try: asparagus, milk, turkey.
Lift a low mood
Curcumin, found in turmeric, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it an antidote to wear and tear, and a mood booster. Also try: lentils, crab, Brazil nuts.
Boost energy
Spinach leaves are high in magnesium and iron, both key in energy production. Squeeze over lemon juice to help absorb the iron. Also try: pumpkin seeds, sweet potato, almonds.
Chill out
Adding chilli to your meal could help curb your anger and put you in a better mood. Your body reacts to the chemical capsaicin – which makes chillies hot – by releasing endorphins, helping you to cool down. Also try: kiwis, barley, peanuts.